![]() Please note: The look of the artifacts in the artworks may vary, each piece is unique. Released in March 1971, and using cutting-edge silicon-gate technology, the 4004 marked the beginning of Intels rise to global dominance in the processor industry. A narrative about the artwork that includes the artist’s signature is placed on the back of the artwork. Year: 1971 The Intel 4004 was the worlds first microprocessora complete general-purpose CPU on a single chip. The artwork is 9"x20" in a black shadow box frame, with glass. Over the decade, transistor counts increased by about an order of magnitude, a trend continued from previous decades. This artwork is a great piece of history for nostalgia and education. They enabled the personal and mobile aspects of computing. The devices in this artwork represent the key milestones in the development of the microcomputing revolution. A 22nm transistor can switch on and off well over 100 billion times in one second. The price per transistor has dropped by a factor of about 50,000. Each of the devices has a labeled technical outline of the electrical connections for their leads. Compared to Intel’s first microprocessor, the 4004, introduced in 1971, a 22nm CPU runs over 4,000 times as fast and each transistor uses about 5,000 times less energy. Through the hole, you can see the germanium slab with the two whisker wires touching it. The Type A Transistor photo is a macro photo of the hole through the canister. All, except the Type A Transistor, are microscopic photos of the chips. The devices have ChipScape artworks above them. The First Microcomputer Chip: A Texas Instruments TMS1000NLL.The First Microprocessor Chip: An Intel P4004.The First Solid-State Memory Chip: An Intel P3101A gray memory chip.The First Monolithic Integrated Circuit: A Fairchild Micrologic 914 Dual NOR logic chip (Glob top).The First Planar Transistor: A Fairchild 2N1613 Planar Transistor.And, in fact, if you count all the transistors in all the chips ever made. Process sizes decreased about fourfold, from 180 nm to 45 nm. The development serial number is handwritten on the top of the transistor. Today, there are chips with as few as 50,000 to more than 30 billion transistors. Over the decade, transistor counts increased by about an order of magnitude, a trend continued from previous decades. The FIrst Transistor: An early 1950s development version of the Bell Labs Type A transistor (A1698, 2N22). ![]() The devices included in this artwork all new-old stock. ![]() Today we have billons of transistors on a single chip, but the developments since these key devices have been larger degrees of integration, denser transistor counts, and faster speeds. Texas Instrument’s TMS1000 was the first “computer on a chip” combining RAM, ROM, clocks, and I/O support. Intel quickly followed with the first microprocessor. Intel followed with the first memory chip built with planar transistors, the 3101. The next logical step was to build multiple integrated devices on a single piece of silicon this was Fairchild’s Micrologic family. The invention of the transistor was a pivotal point in human history, and the invention of the 2N1613 planar transistor was the key enabler of the computer revolution. This collection of six electronic devices spans a period of about 20 years and represents the greatest advances in tools for the human mind than any other period of history. ![]()
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